Unlike airplane, there is no checked luggage for Shinkansen.
All luggages are carry-on.
You have to keep your luggages by yourselves from a departure station to an arrival station.
Let's assume that you have 1 large suitcase and 1 duffel bag.
Is it possible to bring these luggages on Shinkansen with you?
Yes.
You can bring up to 2 pieces of luggage with less than 30 kg and shorter than 250 cm three dimensions (Length should not be more than 200 cm).
Therefore, you can bring 1 large suitcase and 1 duffel bag with you on Shinkansen.
The next question may be where to keep your luggage on Shinkansen.
There are overhead shelves on Shinkansen for all types of cars/seats.
Overhead shelves are approximately 40 cm height and 60 cm depth.
You can keep your luggages on overhead shelves around your seat.
Therefore, your duffel bag can be kept on overhead shelves.
If your suitcase is mid-size (one of the dimensions is less than 40 cm), you can also keep your suitcase on overhead shelves.
If your suitcase is too large to keep on overhead shelves, you can keep it in your leg room since Shinkansen has a large leg room.
If you take a Green car or Glan Class, you will have more space in your leg room.
There is another place to keep your luggage.
There is a space behind the seats of the last row.
If your seat is in the last row or close to the last row, you can keep your luggages in the space behind the seat in the last row.
How about if you have more than 2 suitcases or boxes?
It is recommended to use delivery services from your hotel/airport to your destination.
It is not easy to move at stations with more than 2 suitcases or boxes.